Test existing soil
- Use the jar test: Fill a jar halfway with soil, add water, shake, and let settle for 24 hours. Layers will show sand (bottom), silt (middle), and clay (top).
Adjust texture
- Sandy soil: Add 20% silt (finely ground rock dust) and 20% clay.
- Clay soil: Mix 50% coarse sand and 20% compost.
- Silty soil: Add 30% sand and 10% clay.
Add organic matter:
- Mix 20–30% compost into the soil to bind particles and boost nutrients.
Maintain structure
- Replenish compost yearly.
- Avoid over-tilling to prevent compaction.
Example Recipe
- 40% sand
- 40% silt
- 20% clay
- 20% compost
Loamy soil drains well, retains moisture, and supports plant roots. Test annually and adjust ratios as needed.